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Photoluminescence explained
When a sample is illuminated by a laser, both Raman scattering and photoluminescence (PL) can occur. The latter can be many times stronger than the former and can prevent successful Raman analysis.
PL comprises both fluorescence and phosphorescence processes and originates from an absorption/emission process between different electronic energy levels in the material. The amount and type of PL depends on which material you are studying and which laser wavelength you are using. Unwanted fluorescence interference can normally be avoided by choosing an appropriate laser wavelength.
What PL can tell us
In many cases photoluminescence carries useful information that can facilitate sample analysis and augment the Raman data. inVia confocal Raman microscopes are suited to the analysis of both Raman scattering and PL.
Fluorescence imaging (a type of PL) is often employed in the biological sciences, where fluorescent tags are used to reveal the presence and distribution of molecular species. However, this approach is more invasive than Raman analysis, which is typically tag-free. Renishaw's inVia confocal Raman microscope can be used to generate images of fluorescent tags, but more commonly provides valuable tag-free chemical information.
You can also use PL to study crystal defects, such as atomic vacancies and substitutions. This is of particular importance for materials such as diamond and silicon carbide (SiC). Not only can you identify the defect, but you can also tell if the crystal has internal stresses.
Download our Raman spectroscopy explained booklet
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Brochure: La spettroscopia Raman: approfondimento [it]
Renishaw produce sistemi di spettroscopia Raman dall'inizio degli anni 1990. Una delle domande che il nostro staff si sente rivolgere con maggiore frequenza è: "Che cos'è la spettroscopia Raman?" Questo opuscolo intende rispondere a questa e ad altre domande correlate, come ad esempio: "Come vengono generate le immagini Raman?" e "Che cosa si intende con SERS?" Ci auguriamo che le informazioni fornite possano risultare utili.
